There is often confusion about the difference between the Mainstreaming model in education and the Inclusion model. Sometimes the terms are used interchangeably when they are really very different concepts.

Under the Mainstreaming model, a student with a disability is still placed in the segregated, special education classroom with visits to the regular classroom during specific academic classes (math, reading, etc.) or non-academic classes (art, music, etc.).  The Mainstreaming model is implemented for a child when they are deemed “ready” to participate in the regular class. Children are thought to be ready when they can meet all the same requirements of the classroom as the children without disabilities. Supports are not brought into the classroom and accommodations are not made for them. They must make it on their own.

Under the Inclusion model, a student with a disability is a full member of the regular classroom, with any needed services or supports brought to them and with accommodations made to the classroom to make it possible for them to succeed. It means that the student is based in the regular classroom, not confined to it. They may leave for some portion of the day to receive community based instruction or other educational activity if appropriate.

The distinctions between Mainstreaming and Inclusion are important ones.  It is the difference between being a visitor and really belonging; between having to make it on their own and having the right supports in place so that they can be successful.